Equipment Appraisal Blog | Understanding Machinery Appraisals

Every equipment appraisal can be classified as either a desktop or an on-site. A desktop is one in which the equipment is not physically viewed by the appraiser, who instead relies on the client to provide the necessary data required to properly describe, identify and value the property. The on-site option includes the appraiser personally inspecting the assets during the initial phase of the project to obtain all this information directly.

There are pros and cons to each option, and given the circumstances of each project, one may clearly be more preferred, while in other cases, it will come down to a decision based on cost, efficiency, and/or logistics. If the appraiser you’re working with is highly experienced, they can often suggest the better option based on their understanding of the overall scope of work and the asset mix. Either way, both options are reliable, defensible, and supportable, as long as the appraiser obtains the necessary data to get the job done.

Here are a few of the important factors that go into the determination of engaging in a desktop vs. an on-site equipment appraisal:

Quality of the Data Available: Depending on the level of detail provided by the client, and their ability to obtain the necessary specifications and photographs for the equipment, an on-site valuation may be the most effective option.

Number of Assets and Overall Value: Generally speaking, the larger the transaction and the greater the number of assets, the more likely an on-site appraisal would be preferred. There are typically adjustments, such as new assets purchased and older machinery being retired, that don’t show up on the available listings and can be verified on-site. In addition, the higher appraisal fees associated with personal inspections can be better justified in relation to the overall project.

Cost: The travel and expenses of the appraiser getting to the site(s) and spending the necessary time to inspect, take photographs, meet and interview key company personnel needs to be weighed against the benefits. Locality: The ease, or lack thereof, of traveling to the facility. If the business is close to a major city or way out in a very rural environment, may factor into the decision. Spending an inordinate amount of time getting to and from the sites can oftentimes create a cost inefficiency.

Timing: If there is a very tight timeline to complete the valuation, the desktop option may be the only reasonable approach to meet the delivery deadline. Scheduling and executing the on-site work can take anywhere from a few days to a couple of weeks.

Transactional Hurdles: Depending on the client and scope of work, it may be a requirement to include an on-site personal inspection by the appraiser as part of the process. This may come into play with financial institutions, the SBA, litigation cases, business disputes, and tax authorities.

As an appraiser, completing the site work independently results in a better understanding of the specific business application of the assets and allows for greater control over the data gathering process, while providing a hands-on personal experience. However, as long as the information available to the appraiser is of reasonable quality, the desktop option will be more than adequate. In all cases, the machinery & equipment appraiser should be able to guide you through the scope of work process which will ultimately determine the best options for you.

When it comes time to have a business appraised, whether it’s for a potential sale, purchase, re-financing, new partner investment, or even for internal planning and accounting, if the company owns personal property, machinery & equipment, it makes sense to consider valuing these assets as well.

A business appraisal will involve a review of the company’s financial statements, which include these tangible assets listed at some depreciated cost basis, and may not accurately reflect current market value. Especially if the property was purchased years ago and subject to a short-term, accelerated form of depreciation. This will lead to a likelihood that the net book value on the account ledgers for the personal property and equipment will be at or close to $0.

If the company being appraised will, in part, be affected by re-establishing the current value of the personal property and equipment, then engaging in a distinct appraisal for these assets should accompany the business valuation.

As an example, if the business appraiser is valuing a machine shop and, while reviewing the financial statements, finds a net book value of $100,000 in depreciated machinery & equipment, this is the figure he will use for the overall asset valuation analysis. If, however, an equipment appraisal is completed in conjunction with the valuation effort, and the current market value for these same assets is estimated at $500,000, then this figure will override the internal depreciated number, realizing a significant increase in overall tangible asset value.

This adjustment to the company’s books will truly reflect the overall value of the business and can be used for any of the purposes discussed earlier. It will also provide peace of mind to all parties involved in the larger transaction being reviewed, knowing that an independent third-party appraiser has updated the key components of the business that drive overall value.

There are a handful of appraisers in the marketplace who can value both the machinery & equipment and overall business for their clients. Many of them are larger, conglomerate-type companies who may overcharge you. Equipment Appraisal Services and our sister company, Business Valuation Specialists, can provide this capability to you at an affordable cost while delivering the highest level of service available. Contact us in the comments section below, at equipmentappraisal.com, or businessvaluations.net to see what we can do for you and your business.

When you speak with potential appraisers about engaging in a valuation effort, whether it’s for machinery & equipment, personal or real property, business, or anything else, you should be asking if their work complies with USPAP standards. Before you ask the question, though, here is an overview of what USPAP means so you can better understand the importance of this appraisal requirement.

What is USPAP

USPAP is short for Universal Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice and is considered a type of quality control to a formal valuation process. It was established prior to the Savings and Loan Crisis in the late 1980s and then taken over by a committee called The Appraisal Foundation (TAF) to ensure that artificial inflation of an appraisal did not grow out of control again as it did during that period.

The standards that comprise USPAP are updated every year which allows it to stay current with changes in the industry and any new regulations. Though it's mainly used in the US, it has been adopted in whole or part by a large number of professional appraisal organizations in other countries. Its focus is not on controlling the actual methods an appraiser utilizes but on specific standards for the appraiser’s qualifications, ethics, scope-of-work rules, report writing requirements, record-keeping, client disclosures, signed certifications, and related topics.

There are specific standards that pertain to all types of appraisals and can vary by valuation discipline, including machinery & equipment, business, real property, and personal property. As an accredited appraiser, whether you are a Senior ASA with the American Society of Appraisers (ASA) or affiliated with another valuation group, you are required to meet the qualifications for USPAP. This begins with a 15-hour course for first-time professionals, with continued compliance every two years to ensure the appraiser stays abreast of new developments. The follow-up courses are 7 hours long, however, if you miss one of these 2 year periods, you are required to go back and take the 15-hour course again.

The appraiser is issued a certificate after each course, which can be provided to you upon request. Once you have confirmed the valuation professional is USPAP compliant, you will have confidence that he or she is well-educated and experienced in the appraisal profession, and can deliver a well-researched, supportable report.

Becoming an accredited appraiser requires continuing education not only in USPAP but as an ASA professional as well. By understanding the USPAP Appraisal Standards and how they impact your valuation in terms of the individuals involved in the work effort, you gain valuable insight into the importance of engaging with the right people to complete this for you.

Look Far and Wide and be Patient Before you Liquidate your Machinery & Equipment

Given the sharp downturn in the oil and gas field production industry during the last couple of years, with energy companies dealing with low market prices and oversupply, it is difficult to imagine the market ever returning to the boom days it enjoyed in the past. With many drilling and service companies currently sitting on their equipment, waiting for some positive news, it may seem like there is no light at the end of the tunnel.

Hydraulic fracturing or "fracking" as it is commonly referred to, is a process of drilling and then injecting water, sand, and chemicals into the earth, where the rock, or shale, below is fractured and, as a result, releases oil and gas. This industry has been heavily regulated, and, although it produces natural gas which is considered "cleaner" than coal, it has been harshly criticized for various health and safety reasons, among others.

The early results of fracking led to an oversupply of energy sources in the US, Canada, and various overseas countries, however, the resulting issues included a sharp drop in oil prices along with many energy services companies taking huge losses given all the costs and penalties of doing business.

If you own or work for a company that services the oil and gas fields where fracking was commonplace in the past but has since dried up, it may be time to complete an updated equipment appraisal on your equipment and begin to look outside your local resale markets to potentially sell some of your excess inventory of assets. There are still pockets in North America as well as overseas where the oil and gas markets remain active, and you may be able to find an opportunity to receive a fair price for your equipment.

As an alternative to liquidating through an auction service or sitting idly by while the uncertainty grows in this industry, you may want to consider engaging in a longer-term hybrid plan of selling what you can at fair prices and paring down your business to a more reasonable level, in anticipation of some kind of upward market turn in the months to come.

These market fluctuations can be severe in the oil and gas industry, and maybe no more so than it is experiencing at present, however, historically, there have always been changing economic developments over the years which turn things around when you least expect it.

Along the way, consider obtaining an updated equipment valuation from an independent accredited machinery & equipment appraiser who can provide realistic values on your assets without the additional agenda of trying to assist in your resale effort.

Business owners, buyers, sellers, investors, banks, leasing companies, financial institutions, investment firms, business consultants, insurance claimants, attorneys, courts, business appraisers, accountants, tax auditors.

What do all these types of companies, individuals, and institutions have in common? At some point, they will all require an independent valuation of machinery & equipment, personal property, and related capital assets to support their larger transactional needs.

Many of these entities have never worked with an equipment appraiser before and would prefer to hire a company that can facilitate the process and provides an efficient, effective, defendable analysis and report that will hold up to scrutiny. The best way to ensure this is to engage an accredited machinery & equipment appraiser who has years of experience working in any number of different markets and understands their client’s specific needs in the context of the overall transaction at stake.

In order to select the right appraiser, the business or individual responsible for vetting the appraiser should look for the following:

• A current curriculum vitae (CV) that highlights the valuation professional's experience and work history.
• Validation that the appraiser is accredited through the American Society of Appraisers (ASA) with a senior designation and complies with the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP). Both of these organizations are nationally recognized and require continuing education to maintain their credentials.
• Responsiveness and a professional work ethic from the first point of contact to the completion of the assignment.
• Thoughtful discussions on the scope of work effort involved and assistance in formulating a timeline and game plan to complete the valuation effort in conjunction with the overall transaction.
• A summary of the appraiser’s experience working with attorneys on business dispute cases where litigation support, deposition, and court testimony are involved. This is a critical component to validating the appraiser’s true experience as these seasoned professionals have to formally support and defend their work product in a legal setting.

In summary, this due diligence effort is an important first step in selecting the best appraiser to work alongside you and will create value-added to the overall goal of the business or individual in need of an equipment valuation. Settling for anything less than an experienced, accredited appraisal firm to assist you in these efforts can lead to an undesirable outcome.