Equipment Appraisal Blog | Understanding Machinery Appraisals

When it comes to independent valuation work, an objective opinion should have a certain degree of subjective common sense in an appraiser’s analysis and conclusions. Without it, they might be shortsighted, taking everything they see at face value without relying on their own experience to properly sift through the compilation of data and determine a realistic conclusion. This is especially true with machinery and equipment appraisers, as multiple sources about the same topic can be considered and relied upon, the sum of which will likely show a broad range of information.

There is no question that experienced appraisers with certifications and accreditations must show no bias or undue influence toward their clients and the overall scope of work. This is the fundamental foundation of the valuation industry and cannot be argued against.

That being said, an appraisal is an estimated opinion of value, and opinions are inherently subjective, regardless of the number of sources and documented information on which it is based. This is where the appraiser's experience becomes critical to the reliability of the value assessment.

The source material an appraiser researches, reviews, and relies upon will likely have gaps, flaws, inconsistencies, and broad ranges tied to the data, which they must make sense of and determine how best to correlate the information into a final conclusion.

Depending on the market activity of any given asset, these data sources might be abundant, very limited, or somewhere in between. In every instance, each piece of information should be considered and weighed.

The appraiser's job is to identify consistent patterns and potential outliers to arrive at a reliable opinion. They should ask themselves questions such as: 1) Are the available listings consistent and reasonable? 2) Are the database sources full of holes from a lack of prior sales data? 3) Are the opinions from third parties biased based on who is providing them? 4) Do industry trends focus on the specific equipment being valued?

Coming up with a logical, thoughtful conclusion of value is the ultimate goal of an appraisal expert. Going through this process is what separates established valuation experts from the rest of the pack. As a result, a degree of subjectivity will always be a component of an appraisal, regardless of the number of sources you rely upon. Consistently implementing this process across every valuation engagement is one of the most essential roles of a professional appraiser.

As a business owner, investor, or finance/leasing company, there are certain things that need to be accomplished every year in order to continue along the path of future growth and success. Each decision may require input from key employees and independent advisory collaboration to ensure the most informed opinions.

When valuation professionals are involved, they need to understand this broader transactional perspective and their specific role in it, so they can suggest the best scope of work to help move their client’s deals forward. When clients are considering engaging with a professional appraiser, ensure that their experience is commensurate with the ability to work within this broader environment.

Some of the key variables that valuation experts should discuss with their clients within the overall framework are:

The Effective Date of the Valuation: The written report date and the effective date are often different, depending on the circumstances.

The Appropriate Value Premises: There are potentially multiple distinct market levels of value to consider in an appraisal. Determine what the most appropriate of these is within the context of the transaction or internal decision-making process.

Desktop vs. On-site Approach: Which of these options is the right choice given the underlying requirements of the deal and the quality of the data already available?

Consulting Opinions: Appraisers can also provide comments on topics such as future (residual) value and remaining useful life. They may be able to consult with their clients on how the valuation work might impact the overall transaction or internal processes. Depending on the valuation professional's overall experience and background, the client might consider discussing more of the specifics of the ongoing situation to determine whether additional consulting insight is merited.

As the potential client, ensure that the valuation firm has the requisite experience needed to feel secure that their analysis and narrative report will be thorough. Less experienced appraisers can support the effort; however, avoid firms that use their junior staff to complete the research and legwork while the experienced senior manager takes only a minor review role.

Accomplishing both short-term and long-term business goals is one of the most important factors that will steer a company to its future success. Relying on the right team, including valuation experts, will ensure the best odds of realizing that success.

Purchasing an existing equipment appraisal practice can be a great way to start your own business or expand your current valuation firm. Acquiring an established company gives you a foundation of existing clients, systems, and reputation to build upon. However, choosing the right one can be a challenge.

The value of any appraisal business lies heavily in its clients. Review the practice's existing client list, frequency of repeat work, and strength of their relationships with those they work with. A practice with long-term, loyal clients and strong referral pipelines provides immediate cash flow and growth opportunities.

The equipment appraisal industry is somewhat of a niche market with considerably fewer players than business and real estate appraisal firms. Therefore, a strong website with a solid SEO will go a long way toward clients finding you through their internet searches and alleviate many marketing headaches. This can be an incredible benefit to a new business owner who wouldn't need to chase leads but instead, manage the ones that come in through their website.

An appraisal practice with a strong reputation in the marketplace carries significant intangible value. Look for evidence of positive client feedback, professional affiliations, and industry recognition. A solid brand can shorten the time it takes for you to gain trust with new clients.

Ensure the prior owner is an accredited appraiser who adheres to USPAP (Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice) and other recognized industry standards. This will lend credibility to the company and allow the business to take on dispute work involving litigation.

Review three to five years of financial statements. Consider profit margins and fee levels in relation to the size and complexity of projects. Look at gross revenue from steady clients vs. new business. A financially diverse and steady practice is far more valuable than one overly reliant on a single revenue stream.

Smooth ownership transitions are critical in professional services businesses. Ask the seller if they are willing to stay on temporarily to introduce you to clients, train you on their systems, and transfer institutional knowledge. This support can make or break the long-term success of your acquisition.

In summary, acquiring an existing equipment appraisal practice can be a rewarding investment if you conduct thorough due diligence. By focusing on SEO and website effectiveness, client relationships, reputation, financial stability, and operational systems, you will position yourself to carry forward the company's legacy while adding your own vision for growth.

Equipment appraisals rely on having accurate asset data; however, there will be situations where an appraiser must work with incomplete or uncertain information. In such cases, extraordinary assumptions can be used to move the process forward. Understanding when and how to use and disclose them is vital to producing a credible report, compliant with the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP).

According to USPAP, an extraordinary assumption is defined as “an assumption, directly related to a specific assignment, which, if found to be false, could alter the appraiser’s opinions or conclusions.” These assumptions are typically declared when they are needed to fill in certain gaps in asset data that are unknown or undocumented.

For example: The appraiser is unable to inspect certain machinery, and the client cannot provide sufficient specifications such as model numbers, years of manufacture, hours, or mileage. Disclosing an extraordinary assumption allows the appraiser to proceed based on what is believed to be true.

Another scenario would be if the equipment is decommissioned or in storage, the appraiser may need to assume it is still in normal operating condition to estimate value based on comparable functioning assets.

Using extraordinary assumptions helps the appraiser complete an assignment under real-world limitations. Properly applied, these assumptions will maintain transparency, alert the reader to potential limitations in the opinion of value, and ensure the appraisal complies with USPAP standards.

An accredited valuation expert with extensive experience in the valuation industry and who is familiar with many different types of machinery and equipment can often rely upon past assignments and sound judgement to reasonably make these types of assumptions. It is important to obtain as much historical background perspective as possible from the owner or operator of the assets to develop a comfort level that the assumptions being made are logical.

In summary, extraordinary assumptions are a practical tool in equipment appraisal, but they must be used with care and professional judgment. When information is uncertain or unobtainable, these assumptions allow the appraisal to continue, provided it is made clear what is being assumed and why. Ultimately, it is about balancing practicality with responsibility.

In a competitive field like equipment appraisal, holding an accreditation is an important baseline that tells clients you meet industry standards for ethics, methodology, and experience. However, in today's crowded market, being accredited is no longer enough. To win business and establish a lasting reputation, you must distinguish yourself from other qualified professionals. Below are some thoughts on how to accomplish this:

• Educate your clients throughout the appraisal process. Explain your methodology in easy-to-understand terms and be willing to walk them through your reasoning. When you position yourself as an expert advisor rather than just a basic service provider, you become more valuable and memorable.
• Understand the bigger transactional picture. Take the additional time to best understand the reason an appraisal is needed. The more you know about the specifics of the underlying situation you are involving yourself in, the better developed your framework will be when researching, analyzing, and writing your report.
• Consider target marketing in certain broad industries. While generalist skills are important, gaining additional knowledge within popular equipment markets such as construction, marine, medical, aircraft, or truck transportation can help set you apart. Develop deeper knowledge of asset types, trends, and resale dynamics in that sector.
• Write a great report. Clearly written, focused, and professionally formatted appraisal reports stand out. Your clients will appreciate the clarity and confidence in your valuation. Ensure your reports are tailored to the intended use and have the necessary asset data behind them.
• Maintain effective and constant communication. Creating a solid working relationship from the start can make a significant difference. Consistent follow-up and timely report delivery will go a long way. Make it a point to communicate proactively and adjust your process when appropriate.
• Never lose objectivity. Your credibility is everything. Never let pressure from clients or outside parties affect your conclusions. Remaining impartial, especially in contentious or high-stakes situations, will earn you respect in the long run.

In summary, being an accredited equipment appraiser is a great starting point; however, what truly sets you apart from others is how you deliver value added while building relationships and demonstrating professionalism in every engagement. When clients see you as not just "the appraiser" but as a trusted expert, your reputation and your business will thrive.